How Will You Convert Ethene To Ethane | What Is The Reaction Of Ethene To Form Ethane?

We can convert ethene to ethane using a nickel catalyst. Here’s the chemical reaction:

CH₂=CH₂ + H₂ → Ni CH₃-CH₃

This reaction is a hydrogenation reaction, which means that hydrogen is added to the ethene molecule. The nickel catalyst helps to speed up the reaction.

Let’s break down the process:

Ethene (also known as ethylene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₂H₄. It has a double bond between the two carbon atoms.
Hydrogen (H₂) is a diatomic molecule.
Nickel is a transition metal that acts as a catalyst. Catalysts are substances that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed themselves.

In the reaction, the double bond in ethene breaks, and each carbon atom forms a single bond with a hydrogen atom. This results in the formation of ethane, which has the chemical formula C₂H₆.

It’s important to note that hydrogenation reactions are very common in chemistry. They are used to produce a wide variety of products, including fuels, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.

Yes, the conversion of ethene to ethane is indeed an example of hydrogenation.

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction where hydrogen gas (H2) is added to an unsaturated compound, like an alkene, to form a saturated compound, like an alkane. In this case, ethene (C2H4) is an alkene with a double bond between the carbon atoms, while ethane (C2H6) is an alkane with only single bonds.

Let’s break down the process:

Ethene has a double bond between its carbon atoms, which makes it an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
* When hydrogen is added to ethene, the double bond breaks, and each carbon atom forms a single bond with a hydrogen atom.
* This process results in the formation of ethane, a saturated hydrocarbon with only single bonds between its carbon atoms.

Here’s a simple chemical equation to illustrate the reaction:

C2H4 + H2 → C2H6

This equation shows that one molecule of ethene reacts with one molecule of hydrogen to produce one molecule of ethane.

Hydrogenation is a crucial process in many industrial applications, particularly in the production of:

Margarine: Hydrogenation converts liquid vegetable oils into solid fats, which are used to make margarine.
Fuel: Hydrogenation is used to refine and improve the quality of fuels like gasoline and diesel.
Chemicals: Hydrogenation is a key step in the production of many important chemicals, such as alcohols, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.

In summary, the conversion of ethene to ethane is a classic example of hydrogenation, a process that involves adding hydrogen to an unsaturated compound to form a saturated compound.

We’re going to talk about ethene (C₂H₄), a simple but versatile molecule. Ethene is an alkene, which means it has a double bond between its carbon atoms. This double bond gives ethene some interesting reactivity.

One of the things you can do with ethene is to convert it to ethane (C₂H₆). Ethane is an alkane, which means it has only single bonds between its carbon atoms.

You can do this by a process called catalytic hydrogenation. This is where you add hydrogen gas (H₂) to the ethene in the presence of a catalyst, like nickel or platinum. The catalyst speeds up the reaction. The hydrogen atoms add across the double bond in ethene, breaking it and forming single bonds to create ethane.

It’s kind of like taking a ladder and turning it into a ramp! The double bond in ethene is like the steps on the ladder, and the hydrogen atoms are like the pieces that fill in the gaps, making it a smooth ramp.

This process is also known as reduction. Reduction is a chemical reaction where a molecule gains electrons. In this case, the ethene molecule gains electrons from the hydrogen atoms, which makes it more “reduced”.

So, to summarize: Ethene can be converted to ethane by catalytic hydrogenation, which is the same as reduction.

Let’s talk about how to turn ethene into ethane. It’s actually pretty cool! This process is called catalytic hydrogenation.

Here’s the basic idea: You take ethene, which is an alkene (a molecule with a double bond between carbon atoms), and react it with hydrogen gas in the presence of a special metal called a catalyst. These catalysts, like nickel, platinum, or palladium, help the reaction happen faster and more efficiently. The result is ethane, a alkane (a molecule with only single bonds between carbon atoms).

Think of it like this: The double bond in ethene acts like a “hungry” bond. It wants to grab another hydrogen atom. The catalyst is like a matchmaker, bringing the ethene and hydrogen together so they can form a new, stable bond, resulting in ethane.

Now, let’s get a little more specific. In the case of converting ethene to ethane, we usually use palladium as the catalyst. This metal is really good at encouraging the reaction to happen. The reaction itself involves the hydrogen molecules breaking apart and attaching to the ethene molecule, breaking the double bond and forming two single bonds.

The key here is that the catalyst doesn’t actually get used up in the reaction. It’s like a referee, making sure the ethene and hydrogen play nice and get together to form ethane. The catalyst just sits there and helps the reaction go faster, without changing itself in the process.

So, that’s how we can turn ethene into ethane using catalytic hydrogenation. It’s a simple, efficient process that’s used in many different industries!

You can convert ethene to ethanol through a hydration reaction. In this reaction, water molecules react with an alkene, which in this case is ethene, to produce an alcohol. Ethanol is the alcohol produced from this reaction.

Here’s how it works:

Step 1:Ethene reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid at a temperature of around 80°C. This forms ethyl hydrogen sulfate (C2H5OSO3H).

Step 2: The ethyl hydrogen sulfate is then heated with water or dilute sulfuric acid at a higher temperature. This leads to the formation of ethanol and the regeneration of sulfuric acid.

The overall reaction can be represented as follows:

CH2=CH2 + H2O → CH3CH2OH

Ethene + Water → Ethanol

It’s important to note that this reaction is an example of electrophilic addition, where the sulfuric acid acts as an electrophile and attacks the ethene molecule. The electrophile is attracted to the electron-rich double bond in ethene, breaking the double bond and forming a new bond with the ethene molecule. This process creates the ethyl hydrogen sulfate, which then reacts with water to form ethanol.

The hydration of ethene is a commercially important process used to produce ethanol. It’s a key step in the production of biofuels, and also used in the synthesis of many other organic compounds.

The catalyst used in the conversion of ethene to ethane is commonly nickel. Nickel is a transition metal and is a very effective catalyst for this reaction. This reaction is known as hydrogenation. It involves the addition of hydrogen to an unsaturated hydrocarbon, in this case, ethene, to produce a saturated hydrocarbon, in this case, ethane. The reaction is typically carried out at a moderate temperature and pressure in the presence of a nickel catalyst.

The hydrogenation of ethene to ethane is a very important industrial process. It is used to produce a variety of products, including polyethylene, ethane, and other hydrocarbons. Polyethylene is a widely used plastic and is produced by the polymerization of ethene. Ethane is a fuel and is used in the production of ethylene. The hydrogenation of ethene to ethane is a very efficient process and is a key part of the petrochemical industry.

The reaction mechanism for the hydrogenation of ethene is thought to involve the following steps:

1. Adsorption of ethene and hydrogen to the nickel catalyst surface. This step is exothermic and involves the formation of a chemical bond between the reactants and the catalyst surface.
2. Reaction of adsorbed ethene and hydrogen. This step is also exothermic and involves the breaking of the C=C bond in ethene and the formation of new C-H bonds.
3. Desorption of ethane from the nickel catalyst surface. This step is endothermic and involves the breaking of the bond between ethane and the catalyst surface.

The rate of the hydrogenation reaction is dependent on several factors, including the temperature, pressure, and the surface area of the nickel catalyst. The reaction is faster at higher temperatures and pressures and with a catalyst that has a large surface area.

Nickel is a very active catalyst for the hydrogenation of ethene, and it is readily available and inexpensive. For these reasons, nickel is the most commonly used catalyst for this reaction. It’s important to note that other catalysts can also be used for the hydrogenation of ethene, but nickel remains the most common choice due to its effectiveness and affordability.

Yes, ethene (C₂H₄) can undergo hydrogenation to form ethane (C₂H₆). Ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with a carbon-carbon double bond. Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction where hydrogen gas (H₂) is added to a molecule, breaking the double bond and forming a single bond. This process converts ethene into ethane, a saturated hydrocarbon.

Let’s dive deeper into the fascinating world of hydrogenation and explore how it transforms ethene into ethane. The key to this transformation is the addition of hydrogen atoms across the double bond in ethene. This process is typically facilitated by the presence of a catalyst, usually a metal like nickel, platinum, or palladium. The catalyst provides a surface where the hydrogen molecules can break apart and bond with the ethene molecule.

Imagine ethene as a molecule with a “hungry” double bond. This double bond is eager to share its electrons with additional atoms. When hydrogen comes along, the catalyst helps the hydrogen molecules break apart, forming individual hydrogen atoms. These atoms then attach themselves to the carbon atoms in the double bond, effectively breaking it and forming two single bonds. This results in the creation of ethane, a molecule with a stable configuration of single bonds.

Hydrogenation is a crucial reaction in various industrial processes. It is widely used in the production of margarine, where unsaturated vegetable oils are converted into solid fats by adding hydrogen. Hydrogenation is also used in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and plastics.

So, the answer to your question is a resounding yes! Ethene can undergo hydrogenation to form ethane. This process involves breaking the double bond in ethene and adding hydrogen atoms, leading to the formation of a saturated hydrocarbon, ethane.

Hydrogenation of ethene is a chemical reaction where ethene reacts with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst at a temperature of about 150°C. This reaction produces ethane, a saturated hydrocarbon.

While it’s true that ethene is a more widely used compound than ethane, the hydrogenation of ethene is a crucial process in many industrial applications. For example, the process is used to convert vegetable oils into margarine, which is a solid fat at room temperature. This conversion is achieved by adding hydrogen atoms to the carbon-carbon double bonds in the unsaturated fatty acids present in the oil, which results in the formation of saturated fatty acids.

The hydrogenation of ethene is an exothermic reaction, meaning that it releases heat. The reaction is also reversible, meaning that ethane can be converted back to ethene under the right conditions. However, the forward reaction is favored at high temperatures and pressures.

The nickel catalyst plays a key role in the hydrogenation of ethene. It provides a surface where the hydrogen and ethene molecules can adsorb and react. The nickel catalyst is finely divided to increase its surface area, which increases the rate of the reaction.

Here’s a breakdown of the process:

1. Adsorption: The hydrogen and ethene molecules adsorb onto the surface of the nickel catalyst.
2. Reaction: The adsorbed hydrogen and ethene molecules react to form ethane.
3. Desorption: The ethane molecules desorb from the surface of the nickel catalyst.

The hydrogenation of ethene is a simple yet important chemical reaction that has a wide range of applications in various industries. It demonstrates the power of catalysis in driving chemical reactions and transforming one compound into another.

Let’s talk about how to convert ethene into ethanal. This is a common reaction in organic chemistry, and it’s a great example of how we can use oxidation to change the functional group of a molecule.

The first step is to oxidize the ethene using a mixture of dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7). This will convert the ethene into ethanoic acid (also known as acetic acid). The reaction is actually a bit more complex than that, but for our purposes, we can think of it as a direct oxidation. The reaction is also known as hydrolysis, since water is added to the molecule.

You might be wondering why we go through the trouble of making ethanoic acid first. It’s because we can then use a simple reaction to convert ethanoic acid into ethanal. We do this by reacting the ethanoic acid with thionyl chloride (SOCl2). This reaction replaces the –OH group of the ethanoic acid with a chlorine atom, forming acetyl chloride (CH3COCl).

Finally, we can reduce the acetyl chloride to ethanal using a catalyst like palladium on barium sulfate (Pd-BaSO4) and a solvent like xylene. This reaction is a reduction, because it adds hydrogen to the molecule and removes the chlorine atom.

Here’s a closer look at why the oxidation of ethene is so important in the overall process:

The key to understanding this conversion lies in the way the bonds change within the molecules. Ethene has a carbon-carbon double bond, which means it’s relatively reactive. Ethanal, on the other hand, has a carbonyl group (C=O), which is less reactive than the double bond. To make this change, we need to add oxygen to the molecule and break the double bond. This is where the oxidation comes in.

Think of it like this: Ethene is like a piece of paper, it’s thin and easy to tear. Ethanal is like a piece of cardboard, it’s thicker and more rigid. To make the paper into cardboard, we need to add something to it, like glue or cardboard fibers. The oxygen we add in the oxidation reaction acts like that glue, making the molecule stronger and more stable.

The oxidation of ethene to ethanoic acid is a very important reaction in organic chemistry. It’s used to make a wide range of products, including vinegar, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.

Let’s dive into the fascinating world of chemical reactions and explore how ethene can be reduced.

We know that ethene (C2H4) reacts with one equivalent of hydrogen (H2) to produce ethane (C2H6). This is a classic example of a reduction reaction, where ethene gains electrons and hydrogen loses electrons.

So, how does this reduction happen?

The oxidation number of carbon in ethene is -2. This means that each carbon atom has gained two electrons. In ethane, the oxidation number of carbon is -3, indicating that each carbon atom has gained an additional electron.

This shift in oxidation numbers highlights the key principle: reduction is the gain of electrons. In our case, ethene gains electrons from hydrogen, causing the carbon atoms to become more negative. This process requires a catalyst, typically a metal like nickel, platinum, or palladium, to facilitate the reaction.

You can think of it like this: hydrogen acts as a donor, providing electrons to ethene, while ethene acts as an acceptor, gaining those electrons.

What does this mean in practical terms?

Well, the reduction of ethene to ethane is a crucial step in the production of many important chemicals, like polyethylene.

Let’s break it down further:

1. The reaction: The reaction between ethene and hydrogen is an addition reaction. This means that the hydrogen atoms add to the double bond between the carbon atoms in ethene. This process breaks the double bond and forms a single bond between the carbon atoms.

2. The catalyst: The catalyst plays a vital role. It provides a surface for the ethene and hydrogen molecules to interact and lowers the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur. This means that the reaction can happen at a much lower temperature and faster rate.

3. The product: The product of the reaction is ethane. Ethane is a saturated hydrocarbon meaning it contains only single bonds between carbon atoms. It’s a very stable molecule and is used as a starting material for many other industrial processes.

In summary, the reduction of ethene to ethane involves the addition of hydrogen, a gain of electrons by ethene, and the use of a catalyst. This fundamental chemical process serves as a cornerstone for the production of many valuable chemicals, demonstrating the powerful impact of chemistry on our everyday lives.

Let’s dive into how to convert ethene to ethane.

It’s a simple process that involves a chemical reaction called catalytic hydrogenation.

Here’s the breakdown:

Ethene, also known as ethylene, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with a double bond between its carbon atoms.
Ethane, on the other hand, is a saturated hydrocarbon with only single bonds between its carbon atoms.

To convert ethene to ethane, you need to add hydrogen atoms to break the double bond and form single bonds. This is where catalytic hydrogenation comes in.

Catalytic hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that uses a metal catalyst, like nickel, to facilitate the addition of hydrogen to an unsaturated molecule.

In this specific case, ethene reacts with hydrogen gas in the presence of a nickel catalyst. The nickel catalyst acts as a surface for the reaction to occur, allowing the hydrogen molecules to break apart and attach to the ethene molecule. This breaks the double bond in ethene, forming a single bond and creating ethane.

Here’s a simplified representation of the reaction:

CH2=CH2 (ethene) + H2 (hydrogen) → CH3-CH3 (ethane)

The addition of hydrogen across the double bond in ethene results in the formation of ethane, a saturated hydrocarbon.

This reaction is widely used in the chemical industry for various applications, such as the production of plastics, fuels, and other valuable compounds.

Okay, let’s break down how to make ethane from ethanol!

You can’t directly make ethane from ethanol in one step. It’s a two-step process. We need to first make ethene (also known as ethylene) from ethanol and then convert ethene into ethane.

Here’s how the first step works:

Ethanol to Ethene (Ethylene):

To make ethene from ethanol, we use a process called dehydration. This involves removing a water molecule (H2O) from the ethanol molecule. We can achieve this by using a strong dehydrating agent like concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) or other dehydrating agents like aluminum oxide (Al2O3), phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), or phosphoric acid (H3PO4).

Here’s how it works:

1. Heating Ethanol with a Dehydrating Agent: We heat the mixture of ethanol and the chosen dehydrating agent. This provides the energy needed for the dehydration reaction to occur.
2. Elimination of Water: The dehydrating agent removes a water molecule from ethanol, resulting in the formation of ethene.

The reaction looks like this:

CH3CH2OH (ethanol) → CH2=CH2 (ethene) + H2O (water)

Important Note: We need to use a high temperature for the reaction to happen efficiently, but we need to carefully control the temperature to avoid side reactions and ensure a high yield of ethene.

Ethene to Ethane:

Now, to get ethane, we need to add hydrogen to ethene in a process called hydrogenation. This requires a catalyst, usually a metal like nickel or platinum. The hydrogen atoms attach to the carbon atoms in the ethene molecule, forming ethane.

The reaction looks like this:

CH2=CH2 (ethene) + H2 (hydrogen) → CH3CH3 (ethane)

To sum it up:

Making ethane from ethanol involves two steps:

1. Dehydration of ethanol to produce ethene.
2. Hydrogenation of ethene to produce ethane.

Let’s talk about converting ethene into ethane!

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction where hydrogen is added to a molecule. In the case of ethene, a double bond between the two carbon atoms is broken, and two hydrogen atoms are added. This transforms the unsaturated ethene molecule into a saturated ethane molecule.

Here’s a breakdown:

(c) The conversion of ethene into ethane is an example of hydrogenation. Hydration, on the other hand, involves adding water to a molecule.
(d) The catalyst used in the conversion of ethene into ethane is commonly nickel. Iron, cobalt, and platinum are also used as catalysts in various hydrogenation reactions.

Think of it like this: imagine a ladder with two rungs. The ladder represents the ethene molecule, and the rungs represent the double bond between the carbon atoms. Hydrogenation acts like a person climbing up the ladder, adding their weight to the rungs and breaking the ladder in half. The ladder now has four rungs, and we’re left with two single bonds (like the rungs on the separated ladder) representing the ethane molecule.

This process is crucial for creating various products. It’s used in the production of margarine, vegetable oils, and even in the refining of crude oil to produce gasoline. Nickel is a common catalyst in this reaction, helping to speed up the process by providing a surface for the reaction to occur.

Let me know if you have any other questions about this conversion or other chemical reactions!

Let’s dive into the conversion of ethanol to ethene! You’re right, it’s definitely possible to transform ethanol into ethene.

(i) The conversion of ethanol to ethene is an example of dehydration. Dehydration is a chemical reaction where a molecule loses a water molecule (H₂O). In the case of ethanol (C₂H₅OH), it loses a water molecule to form ethene (C₂H₄).

(ii) Converting ethanol to ethene requires the use of concentrated sulfuric acid. Concentrated sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst and a dehydrating agent. It helps remove the water molecule from ethanol, leading to the formation of ethene.

Here’s a more detailed explanation of the process:

The conversion of ethanol to ethene is an example of an elimination reaction. The reaction occurs in the presence of a strong acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid, at a high temperature (around 170°C). The sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst and a dehydrating agent. It protonates the hydroxyl group (-OH) of ethanol, making it a better leaving group. The protonated ethanol molecule then undergoes elimination of water to form ethene.

The reaction can be represented by the following equation:

C₂H₅OH (ethanol) → C₂H₄ (ethene) + H₂O (water)

Here’s a breakdown of what’s happening at the molecular level:

Protonation: The sulfuric acid protonates the hydroxyl group of ethanol, making it a better leaving group.
Formation of a carbocation: The protonated ethanol molecule loses a water molecule to form a carbocation.
Elimination of a proton: The carbocation loses a proton to form ethene.

The process of converting ethanol to ethene is an important reaction in the chemical industry. Ethene is a valuable feedstock for the production of many important chemicals, such as polyethylene, a common plastic.

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